Integrated Farming System (IFS) Model

The School has developed and recommended an Integrated Farming System model of one ha for small farmers demonstrating the potential of their income enhancement. The farming system components include dairy (2 cows), fishery (2 Kanal), horticulture (4 Kanal), Agro-forestry (1 Kanal), kitchen garden (0.5 Kanal) and field & fodder crops (1.5 acre). This one ha model farm can generate about 3.5 times more income than the rice - wheat cropping system on one ha.

Organic cropping systems:

• Basmati rice-wheat; maize-wheat; soybean-wheat; maize-potato-onion/summer moong; maize-potato + radish (1:1)-onion + coriander (1:4); maize-durum wheat-cowpeas; turmeric-onion; okra-radish-pea; brinjal-pea

Organic fodder systems

• Maize-berseem-bajra/maize+cowpea.

Conventional cropping systems:

• Maize-vegetable pea/potato-spring Maize; Maize-potato-onion; groundnut-potato-bajra (fodder); Maize/summer groundnut-kharif onion-onion ; Groundnut-gobhi sarson + toria; turmeric –onion /late sown wheat

Green manuring in basmati rice

• No need to apply urea to basmati rice after green manuring.

Integrated nutrient management in turmeric:

• 12.5 tonnes FYM/ha before planting and 62.5 kg nitrogen / ha in two equal splits at 75 and 100 days after planting.

Potato planting geometry:

• For mechanical potato planting, plant potato at 65cm x 18.5 cm or 75cm x l5cm and for seed potato production at 65cm x 15cm or 75cm x 15cm depending upon the machinery.

Row spacing in wheat:

• Sow wheat at 15 - 20cm row spacing for higher grain yield.

Bio-fertilizers:

• Application of Consortium biofertilizer @ 10 kg/ha in furrows at the time of planting sugarcane; potato; turmeric and consortium seed treatment @ 1.25 kg/ha in maize and wheat crops.
• 12.5 tonnes FYM/ha before planting and 62.5 kg nitrogen / ha in two equal splits at 75 and 100 days after planting.

Weed management:

• Potato : Application of paddy straw mulch at 6.0 t/ha is effective for weed control in autumn potato, as an alternate to herbicides.
• Organic turmeric: To manage weeds in organic turmeric apply 10.0 t/ha paddy straw mulch at the time of planting and if needed, give one hand weeding at 3 months after planting. If straw mulch is not applied then give three hand weedings at 1, 2 and 3 months after planting the crop.

• Singh T, Sandhu P S, Chahal G K and Walia S S (2022) Foliar thiourea confers moisture stress tolerance in rainfed maize through elevated antioxidativedefence system, osmolyte accumulation and starch synthesisgrown under different planting methods. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation
  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-021-10540-x (NAAS rating 8.67).
• Hasam H, Kaur S, Kaur H, Kaur N, Kaur T, Aulakh C S and Bhullar M S (2022) Weed management using tillage, seed rate and bed planting in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) under an organic agriculture system, Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 68:14, 1959-1973, DOI:
  10.1080/03650340.2021.1946041 (NAAS 9.09).
• Aulakh, C S, Sharma S, Thakur M, and Kaur P (2022) A review of the influences of organic farming on soil quality, crop productivity and produce quality. Journal of Plant Nutrition https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2022.2027976 (NAAS: 7.13).
• Dhaliwal S S, Sharma S, Sharma V, Shulka A K, Walia S S, Alhomrani M, Gaber A, Toor A S, Verma V, Randhawa M, Pandher L, Singh P and Hussain A (2021) Long-Term Integrated Nutrient Management in the Maize-Wheat Cropping System in Alluvial Soils of North-Western India: Influence on Soil Organic Carbon, Microbial Activity and Nutrient Status. Agronomy 11: 2258. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112258. (NAAS rating 8.60)
• Kaur J, Prusty A K, Ravisankar N, Panwar A S, Shamim M, Walia S S, Chatterjee S, Pasha M L, Babu S, Jat M L, Lopez-Ridaura S, Groot JCJ, Toorop R A, Escoto LB, Nopur K and Kashyap P (2021) Farm typology for planning targeted farming systems interventions for smallholders in Indo?Gangetic Plains of India. Scientific Reports 11: 20978
  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00372-wwww.nature.com/scientificreports. (NAAS rating 10.0)
• Pal V, Singh G and Dhaliwal S S (2021) A New Approach in Agronomic Biofortification for Improving Zinc and Iron Content in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Grain with Simultaneous Foliar Application of Zinc Sulphate, Ferrous Sulphate and Urea. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 21: 883–896. (NAAS 9.87).
• Nima D, Aulakh C S, Sharma S and Kukal S S (2021) Assessing soil quality under long-term organic vis-a-vis chemical farming after twelve years in north-western India. Journal of Plant Nutrition 44:8, 1175-1192, DOI:
  10.1080/01904167.2020.1862195 (NAAS: 7.13).
• Kumar, P, Brar S K, Pandove G, and Aulakh C S (2021) Bioformulation of Azotobacter spp. and Streptomyces badius on the productivity, economics and energetics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Energy 232: 120868 (NAAS: 13.15).
• Das Ruma, Purakayastha TJ, Das Debarup, Ahmed Nayan, Kumar Rahul, BiswasSunanda, Walia SS, Singh Rohitashav, Shukla VK, Yadava MS, Ravisankar N, Datta SC (2019)
  Long-term fertilization and manuring with different organics alter stability of carbon in colloidal organo-mineral fraction in soils of varying clay mineralogy. Science of The Total Environment 684: 682-693. (NAAS: 10.61).
• Pal V, Singh G and Dhaliwal S S (2019) Yield enhancement and biofortification of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grain with iron and zinc through foliar application of ferrous sulfate and urea. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42:15, 1789-1802, DOI:
  10.1080/01904167.2019.1648675 (NAAS 7.13).
• Pal V, Singh G and Dhaliwal S S (2019) Agronomic biofortification of chickpea with zinc and iron through application of zinc and urea. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 50:15, 1864-1877, DOI:
  10.1080/00103624.2019.1648490 (NAAS 7.33).
• Pal V, Singh G and Dhaliwal S S (2019) Symbiotic Parameters, Growth, Productivity and Profitability of Chickpea as Influenced by Zinc Sulphate and Urea Application, Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 42:15, 1789-1802, DOI:
  10.1080/01904167.2019.1648675 (NAAS 9.87).
• Singh B, Aulakh, C S and Walia S S (2019). Productivity and water use of organic wheat–chickpea intercropping system under limited moisture conditions in Northwest India. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 134-143. doi:10.1017/S1742170517000370 (NAAS: 8.66).
• Singh Balwinder, Aulakh C S and Walia S S (2017) Productivity and water use of organic wheat–chickpea intercropping system under limited moisture conditions in Northwest India. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems: doi:10.1017/S1742170517000370: 1-10. (NAAS 8.66).

• Soil and Plant Analysis Labs with AAS, Spectrophotometer, Flame Photometer, Laminar Flow and BOD Incubator
• Integrated Farming System Model for small farmers
• Herbal Garden having about 100 species of medicinal and aromatic plants
• Herbal Plants for Sale